1. 配置目标域名

首先设置端口和域名分为 443、xnathan.com，所有访问 https://xnathan.com 的请求都使用这个虚拟主机配置，正常返回网页。

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server {

  listen 443 ssl http2;
  server_name xnathan.com;

  ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.cer;
  ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.key;
  error_page 404 /404.html;

  location / {
    root /var/www/html/xnathan.com;
  }
}

接下来再分别处理其他几种链接的跳转请求。

2. http 强制跳转到 https

监听 80 端口，http://xnathan.com 和 http://www.xnathan.com 两个域名的访问会采用此配置，最后跳转到 https://xnathan.com。

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server {
  listen 80;
  server_name xnathan.com www.xnathan.com;
  return 301 https://xnathan.com$request_uri;
}

3. www 跳转非 www

需要实现 http://www.xnathan.com、https://www.xnathan.com 跳转到目标网址。

上一步的配置已经把 http://www.xnathan.com 跳转好了，那只需要配置 https://www.xnathan.com 跳转的情况。

因为用到 https，这一段中同样要加上 SSL 证书的配置。

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server {
  listen 443 ssl http2;
  server_name www.xnathan.com;
  ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.cer;
  ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.key;
  return 301 https://xnathan.com$request_uri;
}

4. 测试

配置设置好之后，需要重启一下 nginx:

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$ sudo systemctl restart nginx
# 或者
$ sudo nginx -s reload

经过上面的配置，不管用哪个协议或哪个域名访问本站，最终都会跳转到 https://xnathan.com。

nginx_301

直接访问 https://xnathan.com 返回 200。

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$ curl -I https://xnathan.com
HTTP/2 200
server: nginx
date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 06:20:49 GMT
content-type: text/html
content-length: 21117
last-modified: Sat, 20 Apr 2019 09:52:15 GMT
vary: Accept-Encoding
etag: "5cbaebcf-527d"
strict-transport-security: max-age=15768000
accept-ranges: bytes

其他情况都返回 301，跳转 https://xnathan.com

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$ curl -I http://xnathan.com
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx
Date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 06:21:06 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 178
Connection: keep-alive
Location: https://xnathan.com/

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$ curl -I http://www.xnathan.com
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx
Date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 06:21:18 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 178
Connection: keep-alive
Location: https://xnathan.com/

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$ curl -I https://www.xnathan.com
HTTP/2 301
server: nginx
date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 06:20:05 GMT
content-type: text/html
content-length: 178
location: https://xnathan.com/

5. 完整配置

附上完整配置，根据自己的需要修改域名和路径。

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server {

  listen 443 ssl http2;
  server_name xnathan.com;

  ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.cer;
  ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.key;
  error_page 404 /404.html;

  location / {
    root /var/www/html/xnathan.com;
  }
}

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name xnathan.com www.xnathan.com;
  return 301 https://xnathan.com$request_uri;
}

server {
  listen 443 ssl http2;
  server_name www.xnathan.com;
  ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.cer;
  ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/xnathan.com.key;
  return 301 https://xnathan.com$request_uri;
}